But no science backs the idea that following a specific diet for a week or eating only one food will get rid of "toxins." Your body has the power to do that all on its own: That's why you have a liver, kidneys, and a digestive system.What's worse, "most of the so-called 'detox' supplements and diets on the market aren't regulated by the FDA and are potentially harmful, especially if they're very low-calorie or contain diuretics that flush your body of potassium and other crucial nutrients," Ventrelle says.And with these very real risks come minimal rewards. The modern-day detox has existed since at least the 1930s, with the first grapefruit diet fad.Today, most commercial detox diets tout an unhealthy formula of minimal calories and nutrients along with some key — usually foul-tasting — ingredient that has supposed fat-melting power, like cayenne pepper or vinegar. The concept of fasting — drastically reducing caloric intake or following a liquid diet — isn't new.
But research has found that after just a few days of skimping on calories (even a very petite woman needs at least 1,200), your body stops producing a crucial growth hormone called IGF1, and reduces thyroid and other hormones as well as insulin levels. "Your metabolism slows way down to preserve your muscle and basic bodily functions." So when you go back to eating normally, you gain weight faster and from fewer calories.There's no question that detox diets drastically slash your calorie consumption. "Your body thinks you're starving and panics," explains Marc Hellerstein, M.D., Ph.D., professor of human nutrition at the University of California at Berkeley. And the more muscle you have, the more calories you burn, which is why dramatically slashing calories can actually slow your metabolism in just a few days. Without adequate protein (and a liquid diet doesn't offer much), your body takes it from its most available source: your own muscle tissue.Not good! Muscle is your built-in calorie furnace, torching those muffin-top makers even when you're not moving. If you see a more permanent drop on the scale, chances are it's muscle, not fat, that's missing.
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